Internal-combustion engine



0. G. ERXCKSON.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. H, 1919.

Patented Jan. 25,1921. 4

' IN VEN TOR Osca 1' GETwZ'Amn.

I. TTORNEVS W/T/VESSES 0.- G ERICKSON.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICAHON FILED JAN. 14,4919.

1,3 ,44 Patented Jan.25,1921.

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A 170mm onrreo STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

oso m e. narcxson, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

INTEitHAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed'iliannary 14, 1919.

a two-cycle internal combustion engine, em-

bodying the novel combination of piston structure and bypass arrangementwhereby the fresh-gas is initially compressed and becomes the agentwhereby the gas of the previously burnt charge is expelled, saidpr'ecompressedgas serving to lift the burnt gas out bodily by virtue ofbeing admitted through the by-passes from the bottom.

A further object of the invention is to provide an engine of the classdescribed, having as one of its important features, a dual arrangementof intake and exhaust valves, by the use of which the gas is enabled topass with greater facility.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which 1 Figure 1 isa vertical section of an engine constructed in accordance with myinvention, showing the working piston moving on the compression stroke,

Fig. 2 is a similar view, illustrating the position of the parts justbefore the opening of the bypass ports near the end of the explosionstroke,

Fig. 3 is a cross'section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, illustrating thecircumferentially arranged lay-pass ports,

Fig. 4 is a cross section on the line -et of Fig. 1, showing theconstruction of the guide piston, 7

Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of a I part of the piston rod andpacking ring,

Fig. 6 is a detail view partly in section, showing how the piston rod issecured to the guide piston,

Fig. 7 "s a partial side elevation of the engine, showing three of thefour cylinders and revealing a part of the crank case struc-Specification of Letters Patent.

valves are mounted, is afiixed to t e Serial No. 271,100.

Fig. 8 is a of Fig. 7. My improved engine is in the present in stance ofthe two-cycle type, and may be constructed in as many cylinders as mayproperly be determined in actual practice. It will be observed in Fig.7, that by way of example'the engine is constructed in four cylinders.eration of one cylinder will be the same in description as all of thecylinders, only one cylinder will be described in the specification.

cross section on the line 88 Patented Jan. 25, 1921..

Since the construction and op- Referring then to Fig. 1, the cylinder 1is mounted on the crank case 2 by means of the flange and boltconnections shown and now ahnost universally employed in the art. A

water jacket 3 extends down far enough from the top of the protect theupper explosion chamber 4.

It will be observed that in the present instance, the cylinder 1 remainsthe same diameter from the bottom to the top, and that the part whichforms the explosion chamber 4 is concentrically located on the inside. Aweb 5 joins the explosion cylinder with the engine cylinderl, anddefines the bottom of the water jacke The explosion cylinder 4 however,extends below the web 5'into a circular skirt 6. The skirt 6 has aplurality of narrowly cylinder 1, to cover and separated by-pass ports7, through which i the pie-compressed fresh gas rushes on. be inguncovered by the working piston, to bodily expel the burnt gas in theworking chamber at, from the bottom.

The cylinder head 1 in which th exhaust linder by any suitable means,as'for example the stud bolts shown. The water jacket 3 is co ntinuedin'the cylinder head as shown at 1 A partition 8 divides the enginecylinder 1 substantially in the middle below the web 5. The part abovethe partition 8 is the gas chamber in which the fresh gas isrecompresscd. The part of thecylinder below the partition simply servesas a guide euide piston 9 has lugs 11 on the bottom. The wrist pm 19secures the upper end of the COIIHQCUIIQ rod 1 3 to the guide. piston.

ii collar let on top of the guide piston, has a threaded socket intowhich the lower end of th piston rod 15 is screwed and additionallysecured by means of a pin l6. ilbviimsly the attachment oi. the pistonrod to the guide piston, may be etlected by other 16711155 well known inthe art. The worlo g piston 17 is attached to the upper end i the pistonrod l5 and operates in the Workii'ip; cylinder i as shown.

A Wide brass ring 18 is fitted in a groove on the piston rod 15, and thepiston rod reciprocates in a sleeve 19 on the partition 8. The brasssleeve is sutlicient to hold the l compression in the gas chamber. Oilin sutiicient quantities will keep the piston rod in smooth runningorder in the sleeve 19 because this engine will be lubricated by thesplash system which insures the spreading; 0 oil spray to all exposedparts, excepting the piston 17 which will have to be oiled forced feedor mixing oil with either by gasoie'ne. I

J r ormed at one side 01 the engine cylinder 1 is the inlet 20. There isdual arrangement of both. the intake and exhaust valves. The intakewaives 2i are accessible by the valve caps The stem of each valveextends through the bottom of the inlet, and on the exposed part, isprovided with a spring 23 by means of which the valve is normally seateEach valve is operated by a tappet 24 which extends into the crank case.and has a, roller 25 that rides on the companion in.- toke 021102.26.The cam shaft 2'? carries a separate cam for each of the tappcts and thepurpose of the dual valve e *angement is, to produce larger opening whenthe valves opened and thus facilitate the entrance oi the An exhaustvalve cam shaft 28 is located. on the other side of the crank case. Thearrangement of the exhaust cams 2' is the as that of the intake cams.Each lappct 30 has a roller 31 that rides on the cam 29, and theta-ppetoperates the valve rod 32 which is pivoted to the rocker arm 33 at the.top. The rocker ,arm in turn actuates the exhaust valve There is also adual arrangement of the exhaust valve 34. 7 operating connections inFig. 7. A spring" concealed in part in thecage. 36 in which the twoexhaust yalves operate, keeps each oi the exhaust valves normallyseated.

Each cam shaft carries a. sprocket 37 overwhich silent chain 38 runs.chain is also applied to crank shaft, so that as velves,

sprocket 3%) on the .asfindicated by the double The silent the crankshaft r'eboth cam shafts are revolved at the" leec es same speed. sparkplug 40. preferably located in the side of the cylinder. ignites thecompressed charges of gas in the 'WOlking chamber at the proper time.

Briefly reviewing the operation. the dual intake and exhaust can sopenthe dual intake the exhaust valvesat the proper t mes in the operationof the engine. Gas is admitted into the gas chamber when the Workingpiston 17 moves on the inward or c0mpression stroke. The valves 21 closeat just about the time when the Working piston reaches the limit of itsinward movement.

The gas in the gas chamber is compressed when the working piston 17moves on the 8X- Q plosion or Working stroke. The eompres' sioncontinues up to the instant of the uncoverin of the uppermost parts ofthe by-pass ports 7, when the precompressed gas rushes into the workingchamber from all sides and pushes out the residue of the previouslyburnt charge. from the bottom.

The exhaust valves are mechanically opened just prior to the instant ofthe uncovering" of the ports 7, and closed at about the time the ports 7are again covered on the inward stroke of the piston. At this time theintake valves 21 are mechanically opened and remain open until, thepiston has completed its inward stroke. The circumferential arrangementof the ports 7 in the skirt 6 is a distinct advantage in that theprecompressed gas enters from all sides and thereby more thoroughlyexpels the burnt While the construction and arrangement of the engineherein described and claimed is that of a generally preferred form,0bviously modifications and changes may be made Without departing fromthe spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim 1. An internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder aworking cylinder arranged concentrically in the top, including acircular skirt with a circumferential series of bypass ports, apartition across the cylinder forming a chamber, a Working pistonoperating in the Working cylinder, a mechanically operated intake valve,opened to admit fresh gas into the gas chamber When the piston. performsa compression stroke, and a mechanically operated exhaust valve in thetop of the Working cylinder, opened approximately When the pistonuncovers the icy-pass ports, the circumferential arrangement of saidports admitting the gas compressed in. the gas chamber by the outwardmovement of said piston, simultaneously from all sides to insure theexpulsion of the residue of the burnt An internal coiibustion prising aeylinden a Working ranged engine, comcylinder arconeentricallv 1n thetoo defimn? below the Water jacket with'a circumferential series ofby-pass ports, a partition across the cylinder'forming a gas chamber, aWorking piston operating in theworking cylinder, a mechanically operatedintake valve, opened to admit fresh gas into the gas chamher when thepiston performs acompression stroke, a mechanically operated exhaustvalve in the top of the Working cylinder, opened approximately when thepiston uncovers the bypass ports, the circumferential arrangement ofsaid ports admitting the gas compressed in the gas chamber by theoutward-movement of said piston, simultaneously from all sides to insurethe expulsion of the residue of the burnt gas, and means for guiding theworking piston, comprising a p1ston rod with a piston ring, a sleeve onthe partition for the piston rod and ring and a guide piston operatingin the engine cylinder below the partition, with cutout portions topermit the passage of air.

3. The combination of an engine cylinder, a working cyhnder'located onthe insideat the top and joined thereto by a web, said cylinder having askirt extending below the web and provided With a circumferential seriesof narrowly spaced by-pass ports; a double piston comprising a workingpiston operating in the working cylinder, a guide piston operating inthe lower part of the engine cylinder With cut out portions to permil?the passage of air, and a piston rod c'onnecting the two pistons; apartition across 'the engine cylinder defining a gas chamber and havinga sleeve for the piston rod, a gas inlet having a part communicatingwith the gas chamber and a part communicating 'With' a oarbureter, anintake valve operatingin the inlet, a cam for raising the valve, an ,eX-haust valve in the top of the Working cylinder, a cam for operatingsaid, valve, cam shafts for both cams, and means including sprocket andchain connections for driving the cam shafts from the crank shaft of theengine.

OSCAR e; ERIGKSON.

